Excellent study!! It is a really good read.

"The World Bank’s projections point to the deepest global recession since World War 2, with millions of people falling into unemployment and poverty. Lockdowns and other extreme restrictions cannot be sustained for the long term in the hope that there will be an effective vaccine or treatment for COVID-19. Rather, these restrictions give time for countries to reduce the incidence of disease and put in place robust, yet sustainable, measures to prevent and control transmission."

Lockdowns can be categorised as follows:

1) None

2) 'Half lockdown' - ineffective long term

3) Full Lockdown (Like New Zealand in March)

4) Targeted lockdowns (Like New Zealand in August)

All four options result in significant costs, though in my view, option two is the most expensive, and will in my view result in the most damage. A lot of the world is doing this right now.

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Options 3&4 when executed properly can mean a return to a new normal with no measures in place, like New Zealand has. There are early, unreported signs that the 2020 downturn will be revised upwards, because the measures were effective.

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"New Zealand has not recommended face coverings for the general public."

That early stance has been reversed with mandatory wearing of masks on public transport for 'Level 2' and above. Most of New Zealand is in Level 1 with no requirements to wear masks, but the recommendation to wear a mask for the general public.